Parathyroidectomy

It is a surgical procedure in which one or more parathyroid glands are removed to treat hyperparathyroidism, which can cause high blood calcium and complications such as kidney stones and osteoporosis.

🔹 Why is a parathyroid gland removed?
✅ Primary hyperparathyroidism: Caused by a benign tumor (adenomas) that leads to excessive secretion of parathyroid hormone (PTH).
✅ Secondary hyperparathyroidism: Caused by chronic kidney disease or vitamin D deficiency. Surgery is used if the condition does not respond to drug therapy.
✅ Tertiary hyperparathyroidism: Occurs when the gland continues to secrete excess parathyroid hormone even after the underlying cause is corrected, such as after a kidney transplant.

🔹 Types of parathyroidectomy:
1️⃣ Monoparathyroidectomy: If the problem is in only one gland affected by a benign tumor.
2️⃣ Subtotal parathyroidectomy: Three and a half glands are removed, leaving a small portion to preserve hormonal function. 3️⃣ Total Parathyroidectomy: All parathyroid glands are removed, and often a small portion is transplanted into the neck or arm muscle to preserve some hormonal function.

🔹 Post-Surgery:
✔️ Calcium levels may temporarily drop after the procedure, requiring calcium and vitamin D supplements.
✔️ Regular follow-up is important to monitor blood calcium and phosphate levels.
✔️ In most cases, symptoms such as fatigue, bone weakness, and kidney stones improve after surgery.

💡 The procedure is safe and effective and significantly improves the quality of life for patients with hyperparathyroidism.